Jumat, 07 Desember 2012

Primer On Cherry Eye

Written and reviewed by John A. Bukowski, DVM, MPH, PhD
and Susan E. Aiello, DVM, ELS 


If your dog shows any sign of cherry eye, you should have your veterinarian check it as soon as possible. 

Image: Northwest Animal Eye Specialists

Many mammals, including dogs, have an extra or "third eyelid" that can sometimes be seen at the inside corner of the eye (nearest the muzzle).  It serves as an additional layer of protection for the eye, and it contains a gland that produces much of the tear film.

This gland can prolapse or "pop out," resulting in a condition often called "cherry eye."  

It is most common in Cocker Spaniels, Bulldogs, Beagles, Bloodhounds, Lhasa Apsos, Shih Tzus, and other breeds with "squished" faces.

Cherry eye shows up as a red swollen mass (that resembles a cherry) on the eye near the nose or muzzle. 

The "cherry eye" may cover a large portion of the cornea, or it may be small and appear only once in a while.

Treatment is surgical. The third eyelid is put back into its normal location and anchored there by stitches.

The condition should be treated as soon as possible to minimize damage to the gland and preserve the ability to produce tears. 

Dogs with inadequate tear production are much more likely to develop "dry eye," which can seriously affect vision.

Usually, the gland returns to normal function within a few weeks after surgery, but additional surgery may be needed in up to 25 percent of cases.  If the problem is severe or long-term, the gland may need to be completely removed, with follow-up treatment for the dry eye condition that is likely to develop.


***

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Kamis, 06 Desember 2012

Veterinary Highlights: New Mast Cell Tumor Grading?

Mast cell tumors (mystocytomas) account for up to 20 percent of skin tumors in dogs. About half of them are malignant. They are graded based on their location, presence of inflammation and level of differentiation.

Well differentiated MTC. Image Animal Health Publishing

Knowing the grade is important to get an idea of a likely prognosis.

The problem with the classic grading system was, that you could get a different grading of the same tumor, depending on the pathologist.

Considering how important knowing the grade of the tumor is for treatment strategy and figuring out potential outcome, that is not so great.

This inspired a creation of a new, two-tiered system for grading mast cell tumors.

Based on studies done at Michigan State University, this system is simpler, and easier to use. This system recognizes only two grades, high-grade and low-grade.

This system is new and future will show whether it is better.

Meanwhile, it is important to realize that mast cell tumor grading isn't as exact as it should be, and getting a biopsy second opinion for most tumors is a good idea.

Source article:
All about Mast Cell Tumor Grade

Further reading:
Study Advances Mast Cell Tumor Grading System
Canine Mast Cell tumors – More Changes on the Horizon
Proposal of a 2-tier histologic grading system for canine cutaneous mast cell tumors to more accurately predict biological behavior
Canine mast cell tumours: the great pretender

Rabu, 05 Desember 2012

New Solution To An Old Problem For Dogs With Mobility Issues

by Dr. Julie Buzby

The clinic, where I work part time, holds an annual open house each December.  Last year I was manning my “Holistic Veterinary Care” station, chatting with clients and sipping hot cocoa, when my imagination was captured by the simplest idea. 

Naturally, at a veterinary hospital open house, pets are welcome. I had treated Morgan, one of our technician’s dogs, a few times and was happy to see her headed my way across the parking lot sporting a festive bandana. Accompanying her was the technician’s husband Todd, who is the closest thing I’ll ever meet to Leonardo DaVinci. 

“Look what I did for Morgan,” were his first words.  He pointed at her furry Aussie paws and smiled.

I took one look at her toenails and goosebumps covered my arms. Todd had concocted rubber rings for Morgan’s nails which I inherently understood would give her traction.

I was awestruck because a dog’s natural mechanism for traction is to flex the paws and engage the nails. 

Yet never before had anyone considered traction from the standpoint of the dog’s toenails. 

At 16-years old, Morgan had been struggling with instability and arthritis. And she lived in a home with exclusively hardwood floors. Morgan typified so many of my senior patients. As Todd shared what the grips had done for Morgan’s activity level and confidence, my mind raced with patients who could benefit from these little devices.

I called one client immediately and arranged for Hope, her 15-year old Shepherd mix, to try these “toe grips”.

A few days later, Kim and Hope pulled up to my house. “She’s having a bad day,” Kim called from the curb as she lifted Hope from the car. The 15-year old Shepherd mix hobbled down my driveway.


Hope had a knee surgery years earlier that had not healed correctly.  

As a result, she never put much weight on her right hind leg, and when she pushed off of it in normal stride, the leg always twisted out grotesquely. Sweet Hope flopped down obligingly in my driveway, while we put on her grips.

Then she stood up, and walked away 75% improved! 

My jaw hung. The only logical explanation was that when she bore weight on her bad leg and it didn’t twist out from under her because of the toe grips, she was willing to bear more weight on that leg. I’d seen Hope every 3 weeks for the prior two years. She was on every manner of Western and alternative medication/supplement and I treated her regularly with acupuncture and chiropractic. She was holding her own, but I could never affect the slipping and twisting of her leg.

It was a biomechanical problem, and the only solution I could suggest was throw rugs.  

But in less than 5 minutes (the time it took to apply them), toe grips revolutionized Hope’s posture and gait. 

In my driveway that day, as Hope explored my shrubs with a smile, “Dr. Buzby’s ToeGrips” was born.  


I knew we had to make ToeGrips available for senior dogs everywhere.  We applied for a patent and began manufacturing small quantities of ToeGrips to beta test on dogs across North America. Most of my coworkers had senior dogs that they hoped ToeGrips would help. Gus, a 15-year old Scottie, was one of those dogs.

The day Gus came for ToeGrips, he was carried up the stairs by Frank, one of our receptionists, who held his beloved companion while I applied the rings to his toes.  

I had never treated Gus before and had never watched him gait. So I didn’t understand why Frank became emotional when he set Gus down and the dog sauntered away across my hardwood floors. He was walking, even occasionally jogging. Frank explained to me that Gus had not walked that normally for years.


Now, when Gus comes to visit, he runs up the flight of 13 steps to my front door!

In all three of these dogs--Morgan, Hope, and Gus--the owners reported the initial, instant improvement, but also a cumulative improvement over time. At first, I thought this might be because the dogs were using themselves more correctly and building muscle. But then I received an email from a vet in New England who’d tried them on a patient and reported, “Interestingly enough, ToeGrips help this dog on any surface.


We think this is because they are providing proprioceptive stimulus.”  

And a lightbulb went on for me. Proprioceptive stimulus is perhaps the most critical mechanism by which ToeGrips help dogs.

They actually affect the brain, stimulating it to pay more attention to the paws. 

Since our website went live August 22nd, we’ve shipped ToeGrips to 42 states and 5 countries. I recommend ToeGrips as an integral part of the multimodal approach to senior pain/mobility management.

ToeGrips are a biomechanical solution to a biomechanical problem!  

They were designed for slipping/weak senior dogs, but may also be helpful for disabled and rehabilitating dogs. When I read testimonials from dog parents around the world, explaining how ToeGrips have profoundly improved their dog’s quality of life, I STILL GET GOOSEBUMPS! 

Here’s one of my favorites:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F-IdweUMGtQ


***

Dr. Julie Buzby is a homeschooling mom of seven, AVCA & IVAS certified holistic veterinarian, and passionate advocate for canine mobility.  She can be reached at drbuzby@toegrips.com or Twitter @drbuzby.

Learn more about Dr. Buzby’s ToeGrips at www.toegrips.com and www.facebook.com/toegrips.



Selasa, 04 Desember 2012

Tackling The Veterinary Terminology: Suffixes (-iasis)

Remember the Spelling Bee? Big words are easier to tackle when you understand how they're put together. Veterinary terms are composed in the same way. Just like with other words, the main parts of a veterinary term are a prefix, a root, and a suffix. The difference is that they typically come more directly from Greek or Latin.

The suffix is the bit that will tell you about what procedure, condition, disease or disorder you're dealing with.
-iasis [ʌɪəsɪs] from Greek - condition, infection, infestation

This suffix means an abnormal condition, characterized or caused by whatever the root word is. It often stands for an infection, such as parasitic.

Unlike with -itis, the root word here indicates the cause or characteristics of the problem, rather than the affected part of the body.

For example, candidiasis, an infection by candida, a yeast-like parasitic fungus, giardiasis, intestinal infection by a protozoan (single-celled) parasite, or ancylostomiasis, hookworm infection.

Candida albicans is responsible for 80-92% of the Candida infections.
Image Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

Though ofter the suffix -osis is used to describe these conditions as well, such as in coccidiosis, a parasitic type of infection, affecting the intestine. Which is interesting, because I came across a paper which calls for consistency in nomenclature for parasitic diseases, as it seems that sometimes things end up being called whatever somebody feels like. 

Seems that -osis and -iasis are often used interchangeably.

Based on that, it would mean that either -osis or -iasis with a parasite name in the root mean infection, while -osis with something else in the root, such as spondylos (vertebra) in spondylosis, then it stands for a non-infectious disease process.

Fun, huh?

I gotta find myself something easier! And asking somebody does not help, trust me. Or don't trust me, try it. If you do, let me know what explanation you got!

For example this was one answer I got from a veterinarian: "-iasis seems to me to means a condition that is happening rather than established. If you google it, it says that the iasis is more in the formation of a medical condition. It seems to be a pretty fine line. For instance erlichiosis is established condition where giardiasis is in the process of? Fun to surmise and try to figure this out. Glad I didn't have to write a dictionary."

Dr. Coates, who did right a dictionary, said, "I ran into similar problems when writing my dictionary. I initially thought, 'hey, I'll just explain what all the prefixes, suffixes, and roots mean and owners can then figure out what everything means.' Turns out it's not quite that straight forward."

So far, either -pathy or -osis are often used for the same thing; -osis and -iasis are used interchangeably ...

No wonder it takes so long to get a degree!

It's like with our door knob, which broke, and we don't seem to be able to find a new one that fits! They're all different and none of them goes into our door. Why not makes doors and door knobs that fit together?

***

Related articles:
Veterinary Suffixes (-itis)
Veterinary Suffixes (-oma) 
Veterinary Suffixes (-pathy)  
Veterinary Suffixes (-osis)

Senin, 03 Desember 2012

Suki Doesn't Have A Tumor And She Doesn't Have Cushing's: Suki's Story

by Stacey Snyder

When we receive a serious diagnosis for ourselves or a family member, we look for a second opinion or visit a specialist. We want to get as much information as we can before pursuing a treatment. Why are we hesitant to do the same for our fur babies, especially since they can't speak for themselves?


I learned a valuable lesson a couple of months after adopting Suki.

When I adopted her in 2010, I noticed her belly hung pretty low (affectionately called the "buddha belly" now). Since she was my first dog, I wasn't sure if it was from her being overweight, pregnant when she was found, or something serious. I took her to a walk-in type vet recommend by a friend for her initial checkup.

I asked about her belly and was advised it was nothing to worry about.  

I took her back a week later due to a stomach bug, and saw a different vet (the downside of a walk-in clinic). 

I again asked about her belly, and again was told not to worry about it.  

We were back at the clinic a couple of weeks later for a cut paw, and saw yet a different vet. She said not to worry about Suki's belly too. When I returned to have the hard wrap removed from her paw, the vet (yes another new one) was alarmed at her belly and took an x-ray. 

She said she saw a mass in Suki's abdomen that was pushing her belly down.  

She believed the mass was a tumor and wanted me to have an abdominal ultrasound at a clinic she recommended. She also said Suki likely had Cushing's disease. Suki was given  a very grim prognosis...as in death likely.

I left the vet crying and believing my sweet baby was going to die. 


I was also extremely upset that the previous 3 vets at the clinic told me not to worry about Suki's belly.  She could have received treatment much sooner!  I Googled Cushing's disease, which only made me cry more!


Luckily for Suki, I decided to obtain a second opinion.  

Another friend recommended her vet clinic which includes a hospital facility where they could perform the ultrasound. Her pets are her babies, so I felt confident with her recommendation. I made an appointment and took the previous x-ray with me.

Not only did the new vet (my savior) not see any mass or tumor, but she also showed the x-ray to every vet working that day for additional opinions.  

No one could see this mass/tumor the previous vet saw. I was also told there was a blood test for Cushing's disease. What? A blood test was never mentioned before. How does one diagnose such a serious disease without performing a test?

We ran the blood test which came back negative!  

That's right...no Cushing's

After a thorough exam, the new vet determined the pot belly was partially due to the excessive weight and partially due to weakened stomach muscles from a pregnancy. The blood test also revealed elevated kidney levels, so  Suki was put on a medication to stabilize her kidneys.

Not only did Suki live...she doesn't have a tumor, she doesn't have Cushing's and her kidneys are now stable.

After a diet and exercise program, Suki has lost 11 pounds, and her belly doesn't hang nearly as low. She still does have a little "buddha belly" which adds to her cuteness.

 Her current vet was a godsend! 

Not only do I have an amazing vet now (the same one each time), but I also learned to trust my gut!  I could have saved myself hundreds of dollars and a lot of stress!  It's my job to protect Suki...even if that means going against someone who supposedly knows more than me.

***

Suki is a 7 year young lab/beagle mix who was rescued a couple years ago. She was found wandering the streets and had been abused. A wonderful rescue group (Rover Rescue) saved Suki from the scary shelter and brought he to IL to a foster home.  Luckily, Stacey saw Suki's photo and fell in love with her - how could she not!  

Suki made sure to pour on the charm at their visit.  Suki loves her new forever home!  She's spoiled, but hey she deserves it!

As a smart dog, Suki has  a lot to say about things; that's why she has her own blog with Suki’s Corner! You can also connect with Suki on Twitter or Facebook.

Minggu, 02 Desember 2012

Adoption Monday: Angel, Rottweiler, London, Ontario

Angel is a 5 year old unspayed female Rottweiller.


Angel is a calm, quiet, independent, obedient, and respectful dog.

She knows all basic commands. She is crate-trained, but also loves to spend time in it, with the door open, to relax when she chooses.

Angel would love nothing more than to be petted, hugged, and kissed all day long (on the couch,of course!!).


She craves human contact, and although she gets along very well with the other large foster dog, and the two large resident dogs ,she doesn't seem the need to have the company of other dogs. However,she is EXTREMELY prey driven, and absolutely should not go to a home with cats, birds, or other small pets.

Angel seems to have no food-guarding issues, and her Fosters (humans and canine) are able to take away toys, and rawhide with no argument.

Although a large dog, Angel is fairly low-key, and low-energy, so a half hour walk daily is all she needs. 

However, her energy comes out with tennis balls! She loves to play fetch, over and over. Angel will make an amazing companion to a quiet, adult home that has the time to lavish the affection on her she deserves.

Angel will be spayed soon,and is up to date on all her shots, has been heartworm tested negative, and has had one dose of Revolution and dewormer.

***

All Breed Canine Rescue [ABCR], a small group of volunteers who saw the great need to rescue dogs that other, better-established mainstream groups, will not help. Some of their rescues are shelter dogs, or dogs that need new homes because their owners are sick, have moved, or their life situation has changed. 

All Breed Canine Rescue is  small new group of volunteers, trying to do a big job, with big hearts, few foster homes, and limited resources.

Sabtu, 01 Desember 2012

Jasmine Getting Acupunctured



"Who's got the bright idea that turning a dog into a pin cushion is a good pastime?" Jasmine asks. "Wait a minute, there are treats with that?" Sigh. "OK, bring it on, then."

Jasmine actually doesn't mind it much at all.

Well, unless the needle hits a sensitive spot.

She thinks that having her own visitor is kinda fun, in spite of the silly needles. Having to stay still is another story—BORING! But as long as there is a supply of treats, one can survive that also.

The upside is that the present combination of her diet, supplements, chiropractic care, underwater treadmill and the acupuncture seems to be working.

Not forgetting her stem cell treatments, of course, which did great things for Jasmine.

All her vets seem to agree on that. Jasmine is more full of herself than ever, and her body seems to be able to keep up with it just fine.

"Couldn't we just do the visitor and treats WITHOUT the needles?" Jasmine asks.

Well, no, honey, that's not how that works. Gotta put up with them needles, just like you have to put up with your tooth-brushing, baths and all those other fun things people do to you. It's because of all those things that you're feeling as good as you are.

***

Related articles:
OK, I Am A Sucker: We're Going Through With The SLIT 
Jasmine's Episodes: Back To The Allergies Dilemma 
This Is What Jasmine's Episode Looks Like
Gotta Try Everything Once (Or Twice): On The Quest To Figure Out Jasmine's Episodes 
Thundershirt vs. Jasmine's Episodes
Jasmine's Mysterious Swelling And Another Experience With VetLiveThe Diagnosis Is In: Jasmine Has An Interdigital Cyst
Jasmine's Mysterious Swelling And Interdigital Cyst Update  
Is Crawling Under Things Some Kind Of Secret Physical Therapy?  
Is There No Place Safe? Jasmine's Acupuncture Session
Senior Sensory Systems Function: Zero Defects  
It Looks Like A Keeper: Jasmine's New Integrative Vet 
Jasmine's Acute Lameness
Jasmine Doesn't Like "Doing Time"
Our Of Jail Free Pass
When It's Looks Too Good To Be True … The Lameness Returns
The Day Of The Treatment
First Time For Everything: A Healing Crisis(?)  
From Zero To Sixty In Four Days: Stem Cells At Work
The Calm After The Storm 
If It Was Easy, It Wouldn't Be Jasmine
Practicing What I Preach: Jasmine's Semi Annual Wellness Exam  
No Skimping On Oral Care 
Our Own Emergency Vet Horror (Part I)
Our Own Emergency Vet Horror (Part II) 

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Meet Jasmine
I'm Still Standing! (Happy Birthday, Jasmine)
How Dogs Think (Well, Jasmine Anyway)
How The Oddysey Started: Jasmine's ACL Injury
Jasmine is Vet-Stem's poster child!
Rant About Quality Of Life Versus Quantity, And Differential Diagnoses
Jasmine Is Headed For Her Next Stem Cell Treatment
Jasmine's Stem Cells Are In
Arthritis? What Arthritis? 
Guess Who Is An Ever-Ready Bunny And Really Liking The Bit Of Snow We Got? 
Don't Knock It Until You Tried It: Animal Chiropractic 
Jasmine's Fur Analysis
Back At Chiropractic Care